1 DE AGOSTO DE 1997

1340-(171)

the interdependence of stocksand any generally recommended international minimum standards, whether subregional, regional or global; b) Take into consideration the effects on species associated with or dependent upon harvest species with a view to maintaining or restoring populations of such associated or dependent species above levels at which their reproduction may become seriously threatened.

2 — Available scientific information, catch and fishing effort statistics, and other data relevant to the conservation of fish stocks shall be contributed and exchanged on a regular basis through competent international organizations, whether subregional, regional or global, where appropriate and with participation by all States concerned.

3 — States concerned shall ensure that conservation measures and their implementation do not discriminate in form or in fact against the fishermen of any State.

Article 120 Marine mammals

Article 65 also applies to the conservation and management of marine mammals in the high seas.

PART VIII Regime of islands

Article 121 Regime of islands

1 — An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water which is above water at high tide.

2 — Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of an island are determined in accordance with the provisions of this Convention applicable to other land territory.

3 — Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf.

PART IX Enclosed or semi-enclosed seas

Article 122

Definition

For the purposes of this Convention, «enclosed or semi-enclosed sea» means a gulf, basin or sea surrounded by two or more States and connected to another sea or the ocean by a narrow outlet or consisting entirely or primarily of the territorial seas and exclusive economic zones of two or more coastal States.

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Article 123

Co-operation of States bordering enclosed or semi-enclosed seas

States bordering an enclosed or semi-enclosed sea should co-operate with each other in the exercise of their rights and in the performance of their duties under

this Convention. To this end they shall endeavour, directly or through an appropriate regional organization:

a) To co-ordinate the management, conservation, exploration and exploitation of the living resources of the sea;

b) To co-ordinate the implementation of their rights and duties with respect to the protection and preservation of the marine environment;

c) To co-ordinate their scientific research policies and undertake where appropriate joint programmes of scientific research in the area;

d) To invite, as appropriate, other interested States or international organizations to co-operate with them in furtherance of the provisions of this article.

PART X

Right of access of land-locked States to and from the sea and freedom of transit

Article 124

Use of terms

1—For the purposes of this Convention:

d) «Land-locked State» means a State which has no sea-coast;

b) «Transit State» means a State, with or without a sea-coast, situated between a land-locked State and the sea, through whose territory traffic in transit passes;

c) «Traffic in transit* means transit of persons, baggage, goods and means of transport across the territory of one or more transit States, when the passage across such territory, with or without trans-shipment, warehousing, breaking bulk or change in the mode of transport, is only a portion of a complete journey which begins or terminates within the territory of the land-locked State;

d) «Means of transport* means:

i) Railway rolling stock, sea, lake and river craft and road vehicles;

ii) Where local conditions so require, porters and pack animals.

2 — Land-locked States and transit States may, by agreement between them, include as means of transport pipelines and gas lines and means of transport other than those included in paragraph 1.

Article 125

Right of access to and from the sea and freedom of transit

1 — Land-locked States shall have the right of access to and from the sea for the purpose of exercising the rights provided for in this Convention including those relating to the freedom of the high seas and the common heritage of mankind. To this end, land-locked States shall enjoy freedom of transit through the territory of transit States by all means of transport.

2 — The terms and modalities for exercising freedom of transit shall be agreed between ibeland-JDCfcco States and transit States concerned through, bilateral, subregional or regional agreements.