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4. In order to meet seasonal fluctuations or unexpected traffic demands of a temporary nature, the designated

airline(s) of one Contracting Party shall submit the necessary application to the Aeronautical Authority of the other

Contracting Party for approval.

ARTICLE 15

Fair Competition

1. Each Party shall, in conformity with its legislation and procedures, allow a fair and equal opportunity for the

designated airlines of the other Party to compete in providing the international air transportation governed by this

Agreement.

2. Each Party shall, where necessary, take all appropriate action within its jurisdiction to eliminate all forms of

discrimination or unfair competitive practices adversely affecting the competitive position of the designated

airlines of the other Contracting Party.

3. Neither Party shall allow its designated airline or airlines, either in conjunction with any other airline or

airlines or separately, to abuse market power in a way which has or is likely or intended to have the effect of

severely weakening a competitor or excluding a competitor from a route.

4. If one Party has substantiated concerns that its designated airlines are being subjected to discrimination or

unfair practices, or that support being considered or provided by the other Party would adversely affect or is

adversely affecting the fair and equal opportunity of the airlines of the first Party to compete in providing

international air transportation, it may request consultations and notify the other Party of the reasons for its

dissatisfaction. These consultations shall be held not later than 30 days after receipt of the request. If the situation

is not resolved the Party that requested consultations will take appropriate action including those referred to in

Article 5.

ARTICLE 16

Approval of Timetables

1. A designated airline of a Party shall submit to the Aeronautical Authorities of the other Party for its approval,

thirty (30) days in advance the timetable of its intended services, specifying the points to be served, the frequency,

the type of aircraft, configuration and number of seats to be made available to the public.

2. Any subsequent changes to the approved timetables of a designated airline shall be submitted to the

Aeronautical Authorities of the other Party for its approval.

3. If a designated airline wishes to operate flights supplementary to those covered in the approved timetables,

it shall obtain prior permission of the Aeronautical Authorities concerned.

4. The approval of timetables or changes thereto submitted by a designated airline, or authorization for

supplementary flights, shall not be refused by a Party without a valid reason.

ARTICLE 17

Tariffs

1. The tariffs to be charged by the designated airlines of each Party for the international carriage in the services

provided under this Agreement shall be freely established at reasonable levels, due regard being paid to all

relevant factors, including the cost of operations, the characteristics of the service, the interest of users, a

reasonable profit and other market consideration.

2. Each Party may require notification to or filing with its Aeronautical Authorities of tariffs to be charged to or

from its territory by designated airlines of the other Party. Notification of filing by the designated airlines of either

Parties may be required no more than thirty (30) working days before the proposed date of effectiveness. In

individual cases, notification or filing may be permitted on shorter notice than normally required. Neither Party

shall require the notification nor filing by airlines of the other Party of tariffs charged by charterers to the public,

except as be required in a non-discriminatory basis for information purposes.

3. Without prejudice of the applicable competition and consumer protection law prevailing in each Party,

neither Party shall take unilateral action to prevent the inauguration or continuation of an effective tariff proposed