Article 14

Consent to be bound by a treaty expressed by ratification, act of formal confirmation,

acceptance or approval

1. The consent of a State to be bound by a treaty is expressed by ratification when:

a) the treaty provides for such consent to be expressed by means of ratification;

b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating

organizations were agreed that ratification should be required;

e) the representative of the State has signed the treaty subject to ratification; or

d) the íntention of the State to sign the treaty subject to ratífication appears from

the full powers of its representative or was expressed during the negotiation.

2. The consent of an intemational organization to be bound by a treaty is expressed by

an act of formal confirmation when:

a) the treaty provides for such consent to be expressed by means of an act of

formal confirmation;

b) it is otherwise established that the negotiating States and negotiating

organizations or, as the case may be, the negotiating organizations were

agreed that an act of formal confirmation should be requíred;

e) the representative of the organization has signed the treaty subject to an act

of formal confirmation; or

d) the íntention ofthe organization to sígn the treaty subject to an act of formal

confirmation appears from the full powers of its representative or was

expressed during the negotiation.

3. The consent of a State or of an intemational organízatíon to be bound by a treaty is

expressed by acceptance or approval under conditíons similar to those which apply to

ratification or, as the case maybe, to an act offormal confirmation.

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