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a “illegal sports betting” means any sports betting activity whose type or operator is not allowed under the

applicable law of the jurisdiction where the consumer is located;

b “irregular sports betting” shall mean any sports betting activity inconsistent with usual or anticipated patterns

of the market in question or related to betting on a sports competition whose course has unusual characteristics;

c “suspicious sports betting” shall mean any sports betting activity which, according to reliable and consistent

evidence, appears to be linked to a manipulation of the sports competition on which it is offered.

6. “Competition stakeholder” means any natural or legal person belonging to one of the following categories:

a “athlete” means any person or group of persons, participating in sports competitions;

b “athlete support personnel” means any coach, trainer, manager, agent, team staff, team official, medical or

paramedical personnel working with or treating athletes participating in or preparing for sports competitions, and all

other persons working with the athletes;

c “official” means any person who is the owner of, a shareholder in, an executive or a staff member of the

entities which organise and promote sports competitions, as well as referees, jury members and any other

accredited persons. The term also covers the executives and staff of the international sports organisation, or where

appropriate, other competent sports organisation which recognises the competition.

7. “Inside information” means information relating to any competition that a person possesses by virtue of his or

her position in relation to a sport or competition, excluding any information already published or common knowledge,

easily accessible to interested members of the public or disclosed in accordance with the rules and regulations

governing the relevant competition.

Chapter II – Prevention, co-operation and other measures

Article 4 – Domestic co-ordination

1. Each Party shall co-ordinate the policies and action of all the public authorities concerned with the fight against

the manipulation of sports competitions.

2. Each Party, within its jurisdiction, shall encourage sports organisations, competition organisersand sports

betting operators to co-operate in the fight against the manipulation of sports competitions and, where appropriate,

entrust them to implement the relevant provisions of this Convention.

Article 5 – Risk assessment and management

1. Each Party shall – where appropriate in co-operation with sports organisations, sports betting operators,

competition organisers and other relevant organisations – identify, analyse and evaluate the risks associated with

the manipulation of sports competitions.

2. Each Party shall encourage sports organisations, sports betting operators, competition organisers and any

other relevant organisation to establish procedures and rules in order to combat manipulation of sports competitions

and shall adopt, where appropriate, legislative or other measures necessary for this purpose.

Article 6 – Education and awareness raising

1. Each Party shall encourage awareness raising, education, training and research to strengthen the fight against

manipulation of sports competitions.

Article 7 – Sports organisations and competition organisers

1. Each Party shall encourage sports organisations and competition organisers to adopt and implement rules to

combat the manipulation of sports competitionsas well as principles of good governance, related, inter alia, to:

– a prevention of conflicts of interest, including:

– prohibiting competition stakeholders from betting on sports competitionsin which they are involved;

– prohibiting the misuse or dissemination of inside information;