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Article 9

1. Developed country Parties shall provide financial resources to assist developing country Parties with

respect to both mitigation and adaptation in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention.

2. Other Parties are encouraged to provide or continue to provide such support voluntarily.

3. As part of a global effort, developed country Parties should continue to take the lead in mobilizing climate

finance from a wide variety of sources, instruments and channels, noting the significant role of public funds,

through a variety of actions, including supporting country-driven strategies, and taking into account the needs

and priorities of developing country Parties. Such mobilization of climate finance should represent a progression

beyond previous efforts.

4. The provision of scaled-up financial resources should aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and

mitigation, taking into account country-driven strategies, and the priorities and needs of developing country

Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change and have

significant capacity constraints, such as the least developed countries and small island developing States,

considering the need for public and grant-based resources for adaptation.

5. Developed country Parties shall biennially communicate indicative quantitative and qualitative information

related to paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Article, as applicable, including, as available, projected levels of public

financial resources to be provided to developing country Parties. Other Parties providing resources are

encouraged to communicate biennially such information on a voluntary basis.

6. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall take into account the relevant information provided by

developed country Parties and/or Agreement bodies on efforts related to climate finance.

7. Developed country Parties shall provide transparent and consistent information on support for developing

country Parties provided and mobilized through public interventions biennially in accordance with the modalities,

procedures and guidelines to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties

to this Agreement, at its¶first session, as stipulated in Article 13, paragraph 13. Other Parties are encouraged to

do so.

8. The Financial Mechanism of the Convention, including its operating entities, shall serve as the financial

mechanism of this Agreement.

9. The institutions serving this Agreement, including the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism of the

Convention, shall aim to ensure efficient access to financial resources through simplified approval procedures

and enhanced readiness support for developing country Parties, in particular for the least developed countries

and small island developing States, in the context of their national climate strategies and plans.

Article 10

1. Parties share a long-term vision on the importance of fully realizing technology development and transfer

in order to improve resilience to climate change and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

2. Parties, noting the importance of technology for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions

under this Agreement and recognizing existing technology deployment and dissemination efforts, shall

strengthen cooperative action on technology development and transfer.

3. The Technology Mechanism established under the Convention shall serve this Agreement.

4. A technology framework is hereby established to provide overarching guidance to the work of the

Technology Mechanism in promoting and facilitating enhanced action on technology development and transfer

in order to support the implementation of this Agreement, in pursuit of the long-term vision referred to in paragraph

1 of this Article.

5. Accelerating, encouraging and enabling innovation is critical for an effective, longterm global response to

climate change and promoting economic growth and sustainable development. Such effort shall be, as

appropriate, supported, including by the Technology Mechanism and, through financial means, by the Financial

Mechanism of the Convention, for collaborative approaches to research and development, and facilitating access

to technology, in particular for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing country Parties.

6. Support, including financial support, shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation

of this Article, including for strengthening cooperative action on technology development and transfer at different