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7. Achieving peace means supporting the victory of Ukraine militarily, financially, politically, anddiplomatically at bilateral and multilateral levels. The Assembly has already given its full backing to PresidentZelenskyy’s peace formula as the most comprehensive proposal for a comprehensive, just and lasting peacein Ukraine, underlining that any peace talks can only take place under the conditions set out by Ukraine andafter the withdrawal of the Russian troops and military equipment from the whole territory of Ukraine. Greaterefforts are necessary to explain to the public and to international partners the stakes of this war for security inEurope and for the preservation of a system of global governance based on the rule of law.

8. Achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace means recognising the nature, extent and gravity ofthe crimes committed by the Russian Federation. The violence being perpetrated, the hideous character ofsome crimes including the deportation of Ukrainian children and sexual violence, and the rhetoric of theauthorities indicate an attempt by the Russian Federation to annihilate the Ukrainian nation, waging agenocidal war. This deliberate policy stands out as a tragic reminder of an earlier attempt to wipe outUkrainian nationhood, the Great Famine (the Holodomor), whose 90th anniversary will be commemorated inNovember 2023.

9. There are tens of thousands of civilians who have disappeared and who have been illegally abducted,taken to filtration camps, and deprived of their liberty as a result of the Russian Federation's war of aggressionagainst Ukraine. Approximately 2 000 of these victims of enforced disappearances are over 70 years old. TheRussian Federation's disrespect for the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons inTime of War is just one example of the Russian Federation's brazen and systematic neglect of its internationallegal obligations.

10. Since the beginning of the full-scale military invasion, the Russian Federation has not hesitated to usemigrants, energy, ecocide, economic leverage, the passportisation of Ukrainian citizens, and the forcibledeportation of Ukrainian children as weapons. Illegal fake elections and referendums organised by theRussian Federation in the illegally and temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, most recently on 8-10September 2023, are a travesty of democracy and a weaponisation of political freedoms. Likewise, thedecision of the Russian Federation to exit the Black Sea Grain Initiative in July 2023 is a further weaponisationof trade and food, intended to increase global instability and weaken international resolve in supportingUkraine.

11. Achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace means setting up a comprehensive system ofaccountability of the Russian Federation for its crimes. In this regard, the Assembly welcomes the launch, inthe form of an Enlarged Partial Agreement of the Council of Europe, of the Register of Damage Caused by theAggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. On the strength of the political momentum created bythe Reykjavík Summit, it reiterates its call to setting up an international mechanism to compensate the victimsand a Special International Tribunal to investigate and prosecute the political and military leadership of theRussian Federation for the crime of aggression against Ukraine.

12. Achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine means investing in its reconstruction sothat it is sustainable from the economic, social, environmental and political points of view. Physicalreconstruction according to the principle of “Build Back Better” must rely on strong and resilient publicinstitutions at all levels, good democratic governance and the protection of human rights and fundamentalfreedoms, in the framework of the respect of the rule of law. In this regard, the Assembly reiterates its call foran extensive support of the Action Plan for Ukraine 2023-2026, which is instrumental to build back betterdemocratic resilience in Ukraine.

13. The way in which the international community responds to the Russian Federation’s war of aggressionagainst Ukraine will set the course of European history and affect the system of global governance in theyears to come. The Russian Federation has blatantly and unashamedly violated the most fundamentalprinciples enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and paralysed the functioning of the United NationsSecurity Council. Securing a comprehensive, just and lasting peace entails re-establishing the respect of therule of law, including the obligation for all States to refrain from the threat or the use of force against theterritorial integrity or political independence of any State, as pointed out at point 5 of President Zelenskyy’speace formula.

14. In light of these considerations, the Assembly:

14.1. decides to recognise the Great Famine (the Holodomor) as an act of genocide intended to breakthe backbone of Ukrainian nationhood, language and culture, and commemorates its victims;

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