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Outside the legal framework of the Common Security and Defence Policy

(CSDP), France has also participated in structuring cooperation initiatives at the

European levei in the field of defence as coordinator of the T akuba force or

within the framework of the Agenor mission, the aim of which is to guarantee

freedom of movement in the Persian Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz.

The European Defence Agency (EDA) was established in 2004 with a mandate

to foster cooperation between Member States in the area of capabilities. To this

end, the European Defence Agency regularly draws up a Capability

Development Plan (COP) based on the Capability Development Mechanism to

which the European Union Military Staff (EUMS) contributes. The European

Defence Agency is also responsible for presenting the Coordinated Annual

Review on Defence (CARO).

Since 2017, the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) has been

revived, firstly as a result of the Council decision of 11 December 2017 creating

the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) in the field of defence as

provided for in the Treaties since the Lisbon Treaty of 2007, and secondly with

the creation on 1 January 2021 of the European Defence Fund (EDF) with a

budget of €8 billion for the period 2021-2027.

This is the context in which it was decided under the German presidency to

draw up a "Strategic Compass" for the European Union. After the classified

common threat assessment document was adopted on 26 November 2020, the

adoption of the Strategic Compass is scheduled for the French presidency. The

plan currently under discussion, which was first presented to Member States by

High Representative Josep Borrei! in November 2021, is structured along the

four lines of crisis management, resilience, military capabilities and

partnerships.

ln the initial version of the Strategic Compass presented by the High

Representative to EU defence ministers in November 2021 , the document

proposes the establishment of an EU Rapid Deployment Capacity so that the

EU has autonomous crisis management capabilities.

France is actively participating in European defence initiatives. lt is present in

50 of the 60 common projects under way as part of the Permanent Structured

Cooperation (PESCO).

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